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guinea-bissau

Introduction

Guinea-Bissau is a small, landlocked country in West Africa that was once known for its rich natural resources and strategic location on the Atlantic coast. Despite facing numerous challenges over the years, the country has made significant strides in recent decades. This article aims to provide an overview of Guinea-Bissau's history, key facts, historical context, contributions, and impact.

Key Facts

  • Capital: Bissau
  • Population: approximately 1.9 million people (2020 estimate)
  • Area: 12,128 km² (4,665 sq mi)
  • Language: Portuguese (official), Bakongo, and other local languages
  • Currency: West African CFA franc (XOF)

Government and Politics

Guinea-Bissau is a presidential republic with a multi-party system.

  • The country has been ruled by President Umaro Sissoco Simão since 2014.
  • Guinea-Bissau has no formal diplomatic relations with any country, but it participates in regional organizations like ECOWAS.

Economy and Infrastructure

Guinea-Bissau's economy is largely dependent on agriculture and natural resources. The country has a small industrial sector, with significant contributions from:

  • Fishing: The coastal waters provide an abundance of fish and other seafood.
  • Timber and wood products: Guinea-Bissau has vast forests that are harvested for timber.
  • Mining: The country is rich in mineral deposits, including iron ore, gold, and bauxite.

The country's infrastructure is limited, but the government has made efforts to improve:

  • Road network: A 1,100 km long road network connects major cities.
  • Port facilities: The capital city of Bissau has a port that handles cargo imports and exports.

Historical Context

Guinea-Bissau was colonized by Portugal in the late 19th century. During this period:

  • Slavery: Guinea-Bissau was a major hub for transatlantic slave trade.
  • Independence: The country gained independence from Portugal on June 24, 1974.

The new government faced significant challenges, including:

  • Civil war: A civil war broke out in 1998-2003 between the military and opposition groups.
  • International isolation: Guinea-Bissau was isolated internationally due to its human rights record and economic mismanagement.

Significant Contributions

Despite facing numerous challenges, Guinea-Biss

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