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north macedonia

Introduction

Overview of North Macedonia

North Macedonia is a small country located in Southeastern Europe, bordered by Greece to the west, Albania to the northwest, Montenegro to the north, and Bulgaria to the east and southeast. It declared independence from Yugoslavia in 1991 but was occupied by Serbia and Montenegro until its international status was resolved through a UN-led referendum in 2019.

Key Facts

  • Population: approximately 2 million people
  • Capital city: Skopje (population: around 440,000)
  • Official language: Macedonian (officially recognized as the national language), Albanian, Turkish, and Serbian (recognized in various contexts)
  • Currency: Macedonian denar
  • Main economic sectors: agriculture, mining, manufacturing, tourism

Geography

  • Area: approximately 25,711 km²
  • Bordering countries: Greece, Albania, Montenegro, Bulgaria, Serbia
  • Mountain ranges: Dinaric Alps, Balkan Mountains
  • Rivers: Vardar River (border with Greece), Morava River (border with Serbia)

Historical Context

Ancient and Medieval Periods

  • The area now known as North Macedonia has been inhabited since ancient times, with the Illyrians being one of the earliest groups to settle in the region.
  • In the 4th century BC, the city of Skopje was founded by the Macedonians under Philip II.
  • Under the Roman Empire, the region came under its influence and became a province called Moesia.
  • During the Middle Ages, the area was divided between various states and principalities, including the Serbian Despotate.

19th and Early 20th Centuries

  • In the late 19th century, North Macedonia gained autonomy from Serbia, with Skopje becoming the capital.
  • During World War I, the region changed hands several times between Greece, Bulgaria, and Albania.
  • After World War II, North Macedonia became part of Yugoslavia, a federation of six republics.

Modern Period

  • In 1991, North Macedonia declared its independence from Yugoslavia, with Slobodan Milošević's regime still in power.
  • During the Yugoslav Wars (1992-1995), the country was occupied by Serbia and Montenegro, followed by a UN-led peacekeeping mission that led to the eventual withdrawal of forces.

Significant Contributions

  • Macedonian Language: The language spoken by

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  • Generation time: 2024-11-03 05:33:20
  • Keywords: north macedonia, wiki, history, facts
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