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belgium

Introduction

A Land of Rich History and Culture

Belgium is a country located in Western Europe, bordered by Germany to the north, France to the south and east, and the Low Countries to the west. With a rich history dating back over 2,000 years, Belgium has been an important center for art, literature, and politics throughout its centuries-long history. From the medieval towns of Bruges and Ghent to the modern cities of Brussels and Antwerp, each region in Belgium boasts its own unique culture and charm.

Key Facts

  • Population: approximately 11 million people
  • Capital city: Brussels
  • Official language: Dutch (around 60%), French (20%), German (10%)
  • Currency: Euro
  • Area: approximately 30,528 square kilometers
  • Length of coastline: approximately 150 kilometers
  • GDP per capita: around $34,000

Historical Context

Early History

Belgium's history begins with the arrival of various tribes and invasions from the North Sea. In the Middle Ages, the region was divided among several smaller kingdoms, including Flanders (in the north) and Brabant (in the south). The region remained a relatively small area until the 16th century when it became part of the Spanish Netherlands.

Dutch Revolt

In the late 15th century, the city-states of Flanders (including Brussels) declared independence from Spain. This led to the Dutch Revolt, which lasted for over two decades and saw the region become a major hub for trade and commerce in Europe. In 1585, the Dutch Revolt ended with the Treaty of Breda, which recognized the independence of Belgium.

Belgian Revolution

The Belgian Revolution of 1830-1831 led to the establishment of the Kingdom of Belgium, with King Leopold I as its first monarch. The revolution marked a significant turning point in Belgian history, as it brought an end to the region's division among various kingdoms and established a unified nation-state.

World War I

Belgium played a crucial role during World War I, particularly after Germany invaded on August 4, 1914. The country fought alongside Britain and France, suffering heavy losses but ultimately emerging victorious in November 1918.

Interwar Period

The interwar period saw significant economic growth and industrialization in Belgium, as well as the rise of fascist and nationalist movements. In World War II, Belgian resistance played a key

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  • Generation time: 2024-11-01 16:33:44
  • Keywords: belgium, wiki, history, facts
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