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israel

Introduction

Overview of Israel

Israel is a sovereign state located in Western Asia, situated on the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea. With a population of over 9 million people, it is one of the most ethnically diverse countries in the world. The country has a complex history dating back thousands of years, with various empires and civilizations having shaped its development.

Key Facts

  • Capital city: Jerusalem
  • Population: Over 9 million (as of 2020)
  • Area: Approximately 20,220 square kilometers (7,846 sq mi)
  • Language: Hebrew (official), Arabic (spoken by a significant minority)
  • Religion: Judaism, Christianity, Islam, and other faiths
  • Government: Parliamentary democracy with a prime minister as head of state

Historical Context

Ancient Period

The area that is now Israel has been inhabited for thousands of years. The earliest known civilizations were the Canaanites, Philistines, and Phoenicians, who established cities such as Gaza, Ashkelon, and Sidon.

  • Ancient empires: Rome, Persia (Achaemenid), Byzantium (Eastern Roman Empire)
  • Middle Ages: Crusades, Muslim conquests, and the establishment of Christian kingdoms

Ottoman Period

In 1517, the Ottoman Empire conquered Palestine, which remained under Ottoman rule until the British Mandate period after World War I.

  • British Mandate: 1917-1948
  • Zionist movement: Emergence in the late 19th century, with the establishment of the Zionist movement

Statehood

On May 14, 1948, Israel declared its independence. However, the country was not universally recognized until the 1967 Six-Day War.

Significant Contributions

  • Arab-Israeli Conflict: The ongoing conflict between Israelis and Palestinians has been a major issue for decades.
  • Technology: Israel is known for its technological advancements in fields such as cybersecurity, artificial intelligence, and renewable energy
  • Cuisine: Israeli cuisine features popular dishes like falafel, shawarma, and hummus

Science and Technology

  • Ben Gurion University of the Negev: One of the largest universities in Israel
  • Technion Israel Institute of Technology: A leading research institution for engineering, physics, and mathematics
  • Israel Aerospace Industries (IAI):

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  • Generation time: 2024-11-01 16:48:02
  • Keywords: israel, wiki, history, facts
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